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In the making of soap, a vegetable oil such as palm oil is boiled with a concentrated alkali solution in a reaction known as saponification. The alkali reacts with the oil and breaks it down into glycerol and fatty acids. These fatty acids react with the alkali to form sodium or potassium salt of the fatty acids.

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Thought science was boring? Take a look at the videos in this article and think again.

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In biological terms, understand how soap works in removing dirt and oil.