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Scientific balloons, used to carry instruments to the outer edge of the Earth’s atmosphere, are employed throughout the world, most commonly for research in astronomy, high-energy physics, and atmospheric science.

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A team of scientists who worked for a long time with the cosmic gamma-ray telescope Fermi recently published the news that they were able to clarify the origin, as well as to identify the source of cosmic rays that permeate our universe. In addition, they stated that they have not only theoretical explanation for this, and it is a "solid evidence".

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Where is the boundary between Earth’s atmosphere and outer space? On this question, scientists long to give a precise answer as to define the mark at which the air becomes rarefied vacuum, it was almost impossible. Recently, Canadian scientists have developed tools to distinguish the blowing winds in the atmosphere and the fluxes of cosmic particles. Where the end of the first and second starts and runs abutment.

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In the first decade of XX century. appeared hypothesis of the existence of some form of corpuscular energy cosmic origin. Appearance of these assumptions have contributed to the experiments related to electrical emissions. Under laboratory conditions, it was observed that the electroscope has consistently lost its initial charge.

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After processing the results of observations of the Antarctic observatory IceCube, American scientists have mapped the spatial distribution of cosmic rays in the southern hemisphere.

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The NASA’s Voyager probes have really come where no man has gone before. Flying without an engine in silence at the stars, to nine million miles from Earth, are once again issuing news of the most distant, and not explore the Solar System.

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In addition to continuously "blowing" the solar wind our star is a source of energetic charged particles (mostly protons, helium nuclei and electrons) with energies of 106-109 electron volts (eV). They are called solar cosmic rays. The distance from the Sun to the Earth – 150 million miles – the most energetic of these particles is covered in just 10-15 minutes.

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As with any scheme that claims to explain the data on the microwave spectrum of cosmic rays, the chemical composition of substances and pregalactic scale hierarchy of cosmic structures, the standard model of the evolution of the universe is based on several assumptions (about the properties of matter, space and time), playing the role of idiosyncratic "Initial conditions" expansion of the world.

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How rays are produced.