1. The last number of the number being multiplied is put down as the last digit of the answer

2. Each successive number of the number being multiplied is then added to its neighbor on the right

3.This process continues until you reach the first digit of the number being multiplied.

4. The first digit of the number being multiplied becomes the first digit of the answer. 

Let’s try it out

                 533 X 11

First step: 533* X 11

The last figure of 533 is the last figure of the answer. 3 is the last figure of the answer

Second step: 53*3 X 11

Add this figure to the previous figure (6 is obtained). 6 is thus the second-last digit.

Third step: 5*33 X 11

Add this figure to the previous figure (8 is obtained). 8 is thus the next digit of the answer.

Last step: Now, we have reached 5 which is the furst digit. Thus, 5 is the first digit of the answer.

Thus, the answer is 5863

What happens if the number added to its neighbor gives an answer greater than 9? Let’s find out.

              77 X 11

First step: 77* X 11

7 becomes the last digit of the answer.

Second step: 7*7 X 11

Add 7+7=14. The second digit is 4 while the remaining ‘10′ is carried on to the last digit.

Last step: 7 is the last digit of the number being multiplied. However, remember that ‘10′ was carried on from the previous number. Due to the change on place value this ‘10′ would have to be converted to 1. The last digit is thus 7+1=8.

Thus, the answer would be 847.

I hope I have taught you an easy method of multiplication by 11. If you have any doubts or queries, please feel free to ask.

Thankyou