DNA

DNA is the nucleic acid that stores and transmits the genetic information from one generation of an organism to the next.

DNA structure

DNA is a polymer of Nucleotides. Nucleotides are made of 3 parts:

• 5-carbon sugar
• Phosphate group
• Nitrogenous or nitrogen base

DNA Replication

• Before a cell divides it must replicate its DNA
• Process of copying DNA
• Done by a series of enzymes
• The enzymes unzip the DNA strands insert the appropriate bases and produce covalent sugar-phosphate links to extend the growing DNA chains.

RNA

RNA is the nucleic acid that acts as a messenger between DNA and the ribosomes and carries out the process by which proteins are made from amino acids.

tRNA

Transcription RNA performs the process of transcription. Transcription is the process by which a molecule of DNA is copied into a complementary strand of RNA.

mRNA

Messenger RNA is involved in bringing the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.