Pollution is the real threat to mankind, as we emit contaminants into the environment. Since it being the main cause of instability and disorder of ecosystem, it has to be eradicated or at least controlled. The nature and all its components are inter- related and man relies on these components for its existence. The action of one affects the others and human evasion has caused the extinction of many species. The nature exists with us, both go side by side and both are inevitable. We have a responsibility to take care of the nature in an appropriate manner.

One of the main threat which the Earth face is global warming. It strips Mother Earth of her aura of invincibility. As the effect of global warming the sea level arises, and the catastrophic floods which follows, displace millions of people living in the coastal belt all over the world from their home land. The rise in global sea level affects the ocean circulation. The increase recurrence of El-Niño is the direct outcome of this. The plains are being stripped of its moisture rich soil and we are on the verge of a fodder crisis. Many of the native temperature resistant plant species are being wiped out of the earth. Vector borne diseases like dengue malaria are expected to increase sharply across the globe as the temperature variations make it more conducive for mosquitoes to thrive. Diarrhoeal disease which is associated with drought and flood is also expected to register a sudden increase. The effect which global warming has on the flora and fauna of sea is unprecedented. Warmer sea ocean temperatures destroy vast coral reefs and the balance of marine life is lost. The increase in the number of violent hurricanes, unnaturally torrential rains, unusually hot summers are all indicators of the treacherous days which are yet to come. Renewable energy reduces the global warming. Hydroelectric energy, one of the dependable and eco-friendly renewable energy produces minimum pollution. The construction of dams for this purpose helps to control floods, provide water for irrigation and at the same time produce electricity. This energy source never pollutes water; but the vegetation, that is submerged on decaying produces methane, one of the deadly accelerators of global warming. This effect is more prominent in tropical region. The positive benefits of the hydroelectric power overweigh and hence people tend to turn a blind eye towards this problem. But we must not forget the fact that even though the source is localised the effect is universal .The present change in the Arctic Glaciers is the clear indicator of negative impacts of global warming. The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment prepared by the Arctic Council released in 2004 gives a brilliant overview of changes. The temperature in the Arctic region is increasing gradually. It reduces the snow cover, the wide spread glaciers are melting down and the sea level is rising alarmingly. The frequency and intensity of floods are increasing. During autumn and winter, rain is occurring, rising permafrost temperature. The depletion of highly reflective Arctic cover is increasing the pace with which global warming is affecting our environment. The changes in ocean circulation pattern, which is another direct impact of glacier melting, are gradually affecting the global climate. Some birds are migratory and they rely on Arctic for breeding. The melting down of glaciers affects the biodiversity and extinction of these species. Polar bears are an example of a species which is on the verge of extinction as a result of this unwanted phenomenon. The reduction in sea level damages the marine habitat also. The coastal areas which are exposed to storms lead to coastal erosion. Change over ways so that we can protect the Arctic Ice Cap before it is too late. There is an increase in heat related deaths. The rise in average temperature increases the diseases carrying organisms like mosquitoes, rodents and bats. The respiratory illness increases due to global warming because grasses and allergic pollen grow more profusely in warmer environment. Violent storms and other extreme climate carrying deadly diseases occur frequently. The climate change is also affecting the ecosystem. Some widespread species like Indian leopard is facing extinction. Birds migrate to different places to survive. Ecosystem habitat have isolated due to human settlements and infrastructure. All these things affect economy of both the developed and developing countries. The extreme weather events, droughts and floods are occurring frequently and severely. The weather related disasters are increasing. As the atmosphere gets warmer, the climate gets hotter and more unstable. The frequency of earth-quakes has risen and it directly affects the economy of countries. Weather related disasters cripple the economy and health of humans and especially children. Majority of global greenhouse gas emissions occur in developed nations, but the developing countries suffer more as most of them are located in the tropics. The increase in heat and humidity is a major problem. Heat is released to the environment mainly human activities. The signs of development, the concrete buildings and black roads are real threat to the rise in heat. It absorbs heat and emits back to the environment at night. It becomes hot and humid in major cities at night. It increases the use of air-conditioners which in turn emits greenhouse gases.  

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Every one has a responsibility to keep the earth safe and secure for the coming generations. Some immediate actions have to be taken for its security and to bring down the carbon dioxide emission and thus global warming. Electricity has to be stored and used judiciously. Replace all incandescent bulbs with compact fluorescent lamps as it consumes only a little energy. Replace electric heaters with solar heaters. It is non- polluting and eco friendly. Give more attention while constructing buildings. Properly insulated houses retain heat in winter. Avoid the use of huge glass walls as it increases heat inside and thus naturally increase the use of air conditioners during summer. Turn off computers, fans and bulbs while not in use and this help to reduce the energy consumption. It is advisable to use sprinklers or drip – irrigation for plants and vegetables. It helps to reduce the loss of too much water at the same time make the surroundings more cool. Vehicles are to be properly maintained so that the fuel consumption is reduced and emission of toxic gases is minimal. Pool a car to office or work place and walk to nearby places. Buy only energy efficient home appliances. Be selective while you purchase and thus reduce the waste of products. Wastes are to be properly treated. Use compost pit to dump degradable waste and recycle the plastic wastes. Proper sewage system is a necessary to protect rivers and lakes. Use water judiciously, as it is going to be a scarce commodity. Protect the rivers and lakes properly. The use of wind power is an efficient method and factories must try to use this as source of electricity where ever possible. Reduce the use of plastics as it destroys both atmosphere and land. Plant as much trees as you can. Trees and plants can protect the atmosphere and soil as it is the best source of oxygen. Avoid the use of fossil fuels and rely on gas energy since the carbon compounds emitted by this is comparatively smaller. Protect oceans as it is the rich reservoir of vast amount of valuable flora and fauna. Educate the masses so that everyone is aware of the problem his action causes to earth.